Orwell's masterpiece, Animal Farm (1945), is a biting allegory of the Russian Revolution, exposing how revolutionary ideals can be corrupted by power. His final novel, Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), portrays a chilling dystopia of surveillance, propaganda, and thought control, introducing terms such as "Big Brother," "doublethink," and "Newspeak" that remain central to political discourse today. His other notable works include Down and Out in Paris and London (1933), Burmese Days (1934), The Road to Wigan Pier (1937), and Homage to Catalonia (1938). His essays, notably "Politics and the English Language," are celebrated models of clear prose. Orwell died in 1950, leaving an enduring legacy in both literature and political thought.
George Orwell
George Orwell (1903–1950), born Eric Arthur Blair in Motihari, India, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist, and critic, widely regarded as one of the most influential writers of the twentieth century. After serving as an imperial policeman in Burma, he devoted himself to writing under the pen name "George Orwell." His experiences of poverty in Paris and London, fighting in the Spanish Civil War, and witnessing political oppression shaped his deep distrust of totalitarianism and his commitment to democratic socialism and honest language.