His breakthrough novel, Coming Through Slaughter (1976), reimagined the life of jazz pioneer Buddy Bolden. Running in the Family (1982) is a memoir of his Sri Lankan childhood and ancestry, while In the Skin of a Lion (1987) portrays immigrant workers building 1930s Toronto. His masterpiece, The English Patient (1992), won the Booker Prize and was adapted into an Academy Award–winning film; in 2018 it also received the prestigious Golden Man Booker Prize. Later novels include Anil's Ghost (2000), The Cat's Table (2011), and Warlight (2018).
Ondaatje has also published acclaimed poetry, notably The Collected Works of Billy the Kid (1970). Widely honored for his literary achievements, he remains one of Canada's most distinguished and influential writers.